The chapter takes its name from the first verse which refers to those who cheat. A Mutaffif is one who sneakily short changes others. More generally, it refers to those who demand that their rights be observed but are not willing to recognise the rights of others or those who see faults in others but not in themselves.
Beginning with the condemnation of those who cheat because they reject accountability and mock Divine signs, the chapter then provides a contrast of the fate of the rebellious and the rewards of the God conscious.
It concludes with a discussion on the fate of those who mocked the Prophet and his followers.